Karen Pendergrass, Standards Team

The study investigated gut microbiota in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS), revealing distinct microbial shifts, including increased Enterobacteriaceae and reduced Faecalibacterium populations, indicating potential inflammatory mechanisms

The study highlights functional dysbiosis in constipated-irritable bowel syndrome, with increased sulfate-reducing bacteria and disrupted SCFA profiles.

The study identifies significant fecal microbiota dysbiosis in IBS patients, marked by increased Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacteroides thetaiotamicron, highlighting their potential as microbial biomarkers for IBS subtypes.

The study identified distinct oral microbiome profiles in IBS patients, particularly in those overweight, highlighting its potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for visceral pain severity and symptom progression.

This study explores the altered gut microbiota in IBS and its association with caffeine and dietary fiber. Findings indicate that high caffeine intake is linked to increased microbial diversity and altered gut microbiome composition in IBS patients, offering insights into dietary strategies for symptom modulation.

This study identifies site-specific microbial patterns in IBS-D patients, highlighting Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Oscillospira in the rectal mucosa as biomarkers. Findings suggest that rectal mucosa sampling may enhance diagnostic accuracy, paving the way for personalized microbiome-based treatments for IBS-D.

This study explores the alteration of the gut microbiota in IBS patients, revealing distinct microbial shifts linked to IBS subtypes. Findings highlight potential for microbiome-based therapies and personalized intervention strategies to alleviate symptoms and restore gut health in IBS-D, IBS-C, and IBS-M patients.

This study explores multi-omics profiles of the intestinal microbiome in IBS subtypes, revealing distinct microbial and metabolic signatures. Findings highlight potential for microbiome-based diagnostics and targeted dietary interventions in IBS-D, IBS-C, and IBS-M, enhancing personalized therapeutic strategies.

This study explores the gut microbiota imbalance and its correlations with hormone and inflammatory factors in stage 3/4 endometriosis. Key findings reveal distinct microbial shifts linked to hormonal dysregulation and inflammation, offering insights into disease mechanisms and potential microbiome-targeted therapeutic approaches.

This study examines the association between endometriosis and gut microbiota, highlighting significant differences in microbial diversity and composition. Women with endometriosis showed altered gut microbial profiles compared to healthy controls, with specific bacterial shifts linked to gastrointestinal symptoms and hormonal therapy. These findings suggest microbiota-targeted therapies may benefit endometriosis management.

This review links gut microbiota disruption to the development and symptoms of PCOS, including insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. It highlights microbiota-targeted therapies—like probiotics, prebiotics, and traditional medicine—as promising options to improve PCOS outcomes and repositions the gut microbiome as a central factor in understanding and treating the disorder.

PCOS is linked with higher gut inflammation, as shown by elevated fecal calprotectin. This may help guide diagnosis and treatment.

What Was Reviewed? This review investigates the hypothesis that severe anemia contributes to the elevated risk of invasive bacterial infections in African children through dysregulation of iron homeostasis, including the disruption of hepcidin—a hepatic hormone that governs iron availability in the body. The authors synthesize evidence from epidemiological, mechanistic, and experimental studies, proposing that the […]

Vaginal Microbiome Transplant (VMT) involves transferring healthy vaginal flora from a donor to a recipient to treat conditions like recurrent bacterial vaginosis. It aims to restore balance in the vaginal microbiome, potentially offering a non-pharmacological treatment option for persistent gynecological disorders.

The study analyzed the genetic evolution of Gardnerella vaginalis, focusing on its resistance and virulence under Darwinian positive selection. It identifies new drug targets and emphasizes the pathogen’s evolving resistance mechanisms.

The study finds that hydrogen peroxide vaginal washout effectively alleviates recurrent bacterial vaginosis symptoms, restoring pH and eliminating pathogens in most cases, though it does not fully restore Lactobacillus populations.

The study shows that Lactobacillus crispatus inhibits the growth of Gardnerella vaginalis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae by lowering pH and producing lactic acid, offering insights into microbiome-targeted interventions for bacterial vaginosis and sexually transmitted infections.

This study demonstrates that 250 mg vitamin C vaginal tablets reduce the recurrence of bacterial vaginosis, offering an effective and safe prophylactic treatment.

This study evaluates the use of intravaginal boric acid for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis, highlighting its long-term tolerability, high patient satisfaction, and rare side effects.

Pueraria flower extract (PFE) inhibits endometriotic cell adhesion, migration, and MMP expression, reducing lesions in a mouse model, offering potential for non-hormonal therapies.

Facultative anaerobes are microorganisms—primarily bacteria—that possess the metabolic flexibility to grow in both the presence and absence of oxygen.

OverviewMetal Homeostasis Copper dysregulation plays a definitive role in the pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). Elevated copper levels increase the risk of developing T1DM by 15-fold per standard deviation, highlighting copper’s critical influence on oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways central to the disease. Studies show that T1DM patients exhibit higher copper levels and […]

This review explores microbiota-targeted interventions for mental health, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, FMT, and diet. While promising, large-scale trials are needed to refine evidence-based strategies. Microbiota-based therapies may serve as adjuncts for psychiatric care, highlighting the gut-brain axis as a key target for future research.

This study examined gut microbiota alterations in Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy (IgAN) and Membranous Nephropathy (MN), identifying unique and shared microbial changes linked to disease pathology. The findings suggest potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets through the gut-kidney axis.