Microbiome signature chart for Hashimoto's thyroiditis showing elevated and reduced bacterial taxa.

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease that progressively damages the thyroid, often causing hypothyroidism and affecting women disproportionately. Research links HT to gut dysbiosis via the gut–thyroid axis and highlights heavy metals like nickel, arsenic, and lead as contributors to oxidative stress and thyroid dysfunction.

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Researched by:

  • Karen Pendergrass
    Karen Pendergrass

    User avatarKaren Pendergrass is a microbiome researcher specializing in microbiome-targeted interventions (MBTIs). She systematically analyzes scientific literature to identify microbial patterns, develop hypotheses, and validate interventions. As the founder of the Microbiome Signatures Database, she bridges microbiome research with clinical practice. In 2012, based on her own investigative research, she became the first documented case of FMT for Celiac Disease, four years before the first published case study.

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  • Kimberly Eyer
    Kimberly Eyer

    User avatarKimberly Eyer, a Registered Nurse with 30 years of nursing experience across diverse settings, including Home Health, ICU, Operating Room Nursing, and Research. Her roles have encompassed Operating Room Nurse, RN First Assistant, and Acting Director of a Same Day Surgery Center. Her specialty areas include Adult Cardiac Surgery, Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Vascular Surgery, and Neurosurgery.

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January 17, 2026

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease that progressively damages the thyroid, often causing hypothyroidism and affecting women disproportionately. Research links HT to gut dysbiosis via the gut–thyroid axis and highlights heavy metals like nickel, arsenic, and lead as contributors to oxidative stress and thyroid dysfunction.

research-feed Research feed

Researched by:

  • Karen Pendergrass
    Karen Pendergrass

    User avatarKaren Pendergrass is a microbiome researcher specializing in microbiome-targeted interventions (MBTIs). She systematically analyzes scientific literature to identify microbial patterns, develop hypotheses, and validate interventions. As the founder of the Microbiome Signatures Database, she bridges microbiome research with clinical practice. In 2012, based on her own investigative research, she became the first documented case of FMT for Celiac Disease, four years before the first published case study.

    Read More
  • Kimberly Eyer
    Kimberly Eyer

    User avatarKimberly Eyer, a Registered Nurse with 30 years of nursing experience across diverse settings, including Home Health, ICU, Operating Room Nursing, and Research. Her roles have encompassed Operating Room Nurse, RN First Assistant, and Acting Director of a Same Day Surgery Center. Her specialty areas include Adult Cardiac Surgery, Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Vascular Surgery, and Neurosurgery.

    Read More

Last Updated: 2026-01-17

Microbiome Signatures identifies and validates condition-specific microbiome shifts and interventions to accelerate clinical translation. Our multidisciplinary team supports clinicians, researchers, and innovators in turning microbiome science into actionable medicine.

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Microbiome Signatures

Overview

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the progressive destruction of thyroid follicles due to chronic inflammation, often leading to hypothyroidism. It affects 10-12% of the global population, with a significantly higher prevalence among women​​. While its etiology involves genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors, increasing evidence highlights the role of gut microbiota in its pathogenesis. [1][2][3][4]

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis?
Quick answer: Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the progressive destruction of thyroid follicles due to chronic inflammation, often leading to hypothyroidism. It affects 10-12% of the global population, with a significantly higher prevalence among women​​. While its etiology involves genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors, increasing evidence highlights the role of gut microbiota in its pathogenesis. [1][2][3][4]

Research Feed

Alterations of the Gut Microbiota in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Patients
February 1, 2018
/
Autoimmune Diseases
Autoimmune Diseases

Did you know?
Americans are over three times more likely to suffer from autoimmune diseases compared to the global average, with approximately 16.67% of the U.S. population affected versus 5% worldwide.

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease that progressively damages the thyroid, often causing hypothyroidism and affecting women disproportionately. Research links HT to gut dysbiosis via the gut–thyroid axis and highlights heavy metals like nickel, arsenic, and lead as contributors to oxidative stress and thyroid dysfunction.

Alias iure reprehenderit aut accusantium. Molestiae dolore suscipit. Necessitatibus eum quaerat. Repudiandae suscipit quo necessitatibus. Voluptatibus ullam nulla temporibus nobis. Atque eaque sed totam est assumenda. Porro modi soluta consequuntur veritatis excepturi minus delectus reprehenderit est. Eveniet labore ut quas minima aliquid quibusdam. Vitae possimus fuga praesentium eveniet debitis exercitationem deleniti.

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Integrative analysis of gut microbiome and host transcriptome reveal novel molecular signatures in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
November 20, 2024
/
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease that progressively damages the thyroid, often causing hypothyroidism and affecting women disproportionately. Research links HT to gut dysbiosis via the gut–thyroid axis and highlights heavy metals like nickel, arsenic, and lead as contributors to oxidative stress and thyroid dysfunction.

Autoimmune Diseases
Autoimmune Diseases

Did you know?
Americans are over three times more likely to suffer from autoimmune diseases compared to the global average, with approximately 16.67% of the U.S. population affected versus 5% worldwide.

Alias iure reprehenderit aut accusantium. Molestiae dolore suscipit. Necessitatibus eum quaerat. Repudiandae suscipit quo necessitatibus. Voluptatibus ullam nulla temporibus nobis. Atque eaque sed totam est assumenda. Porro modi soluta consequuntur veritatis excepturi minus delectus reprehenderit est. Eveniet labore ut quas minima aliquid quibusdam. Vitae possimus fuga praesentium eveniet debitis exercitationem deleniti.

Create a free account to unlock this study summary.

Microbiome Insiders can read two study summaries for any topic on Microbiome.

(Get started with your free account)

Molecular estimation of alteration in intestinal microbial composition in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients
September 10, 2017
/
Autoimmune Diseases
Autoimmune Diseases

Did you know?
Americans are over three times more likely to suffer from autoimmune diseases compared to the global average, with approximately 16.67% of the U.S. population affected versus 5% worldwide.

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease that progressively damages the thyroid, often causing hypothyroidism and affecting women disproportionately. Research links HT to gut dysbiosis via the gut–thyroid axis and highlights heavy metals like nickel, arsenic, and lead as contributors to oxidative stress and thyroid dysfunction.

Alias iure reprehenderit aut accusantium. Molestiae dolore suscipit. Necessitatibus eum quaerat. Repudiandae suscipit quo necessitatibus. Voluptatibus ullam nulla temporibus nobis. Atque eaque sed totam est assumenda. Porro modi soluta consequuntur veritatis excepturi minus delectus reprehenderit est. Eveniet labore ut quas minima aliquid quibusdam. Vitae possimus fuga praesentium eveniet debitis exercitationem deleniti.

Create a free account to unlock this study summary.

Microbiome Insiders can read two study summaries for any topic on Microbiome.

(Get started with your free account)

Comparative Analysis of Taxonomic and Functional Gut Microbiota Profiles in Relation to Seroconversion of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies in Euthyroid Participants.
January 3, 2024
/
Autoimmune Diseases
Autoimmune Diseases

Did you know?
Americans are over three times more likely to suffer from autoimmune diseases compared to the global average, with approximately 16.67% of the U.S. population affected versus 5% worldwide.

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease that progressively damages the thyroid, often causing hypothyroidism and affecting women disproportionately. Research links HT to gut dysbiosis via the gut–thyroid axis and highlights heavy metals like nickel, arsenic, and lead as contributors to oxidative stress and thyroid dysfunction.

Alias iure reprehenderit aut accusantium. Molestiae dolore suscipit. Necessitatibus eum quaerat. Repudiandae suscipit quo necessitatibus. Voluptatibus ullam nulla temporibus nobis. Atque eaque sed totam est assumenda. Porro modi soluta consequuntur veritatis excepturi minus delectus reprehenderit est. Eveniet labore ut quas minima aliquid quibusdam. Vitae possimus fuga praesentium eveniet debitis exercitationem deleniti.

Create a free account to unlock this study summary.

Microbiome Insiders can read two study summaries for any topic on Microbiome.

(Get started with your free account)

Update History

2025-01-22 09:50:10

Hashimoto\'s Thyroiditis major

published

References

  1. Integrative analysis of gut microbiome and host transcriptome reveal novel molecular signatures in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.. Li, M., Chen, K., Chen, Y. et al. Integrative analysis of gut microbiome and host transcriptome reveal novel molecular signatures in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.. (J Transl Med, 2024.)
  2. Alterations of the Gut Microbiota in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Patients.. Zhao F, Feng J, Li J, Zhao L, Liu Y, Chen H, Jin Y, Zhu B, Wei Y.. (Thyroid. 2018)
  3. Molecular estimation of alteration in intestinal microbial composition in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients.. Ishaq HM, Mohammad IS, Guo H, Shahzad M, Hou YJ, Ma C, Naseem Z, Wu X, Shi P, Xu J.. (Biomed Pharmacother. 2017)
  4. Comparative Analysis of Taxonomic and Functional Gut Microbiota Profiles in Relation to Seroconversion of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies in Euthyroid Participants.. Fenneman AC, Boulund U, Collard D, Galenkamp H, Zwinderman AH, van den Born BH, van der Spek AH, Fliers E, Rampanelli E, Blaser MJ, Nieuwdorp M.. (Thyroid. 2024)

Li, M., Chen, K., Chen, Y. et al. Integrative analysis of gut microbiome and host transcriptome reveal novel molecular signatures in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Integrative analysis of gut microbiome and host transcriptome reveal novel molecular signatures in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

J Transl Med, 2024.

Read Review

Zhao F, Feng J, Li J, Zhao L, Liu Y, Chen H, Jin Y, Zhu B, Wei Y.

Alterations of the Gut Microbiota in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Patients.

Thyroid. 2018

Read Review

Ishaq HM, Mohammad IS, Guo H, Shahzad M, Hou YJ, Ma C, Naseem Z, Wu X, Shi P, Xu J.

Molecular estimation of alteration in intestinal microbial composition in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients.

Biomed Pharmacother. 2017

Read Review

Fenneman AC, Boulund U, Collard D, Galenkamp H, Zwinderman AH, van den Born BH, van der Spek AH, Fliers E, Rampanelli E, Blaser MJ, Nieuwdorp M.

Comparative Analysis of Taxonomic and Functional Gut Microbiota Profiles in Relation to Seroconversion of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies in Euthyroid Participants.

Thyroid. 2024

Read Review
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