Revisiting the Concepts of Prebiotic and Prebiotic Effect in Light of Scientific and Regulatory Progress—A Consensus Paper From the Global Prebiotic Association Original paper

What was reviewed?

The article revisits the concepts of prebiotics and their effects, focusing on recent scientific and regulatory advancements. It explores the evolution of prebiotic definitions over time, from its initial definition in 1995 to updates in 2017 and 2024. The paper reviews existing definitions of prebiotics and prebiotic effects, discussing the shift from focusing solely on non-digestible carbohydrates to including other substances like polyphenols and omega-3 fatty acids. It also incorporates input from the Global Prebiotic Association (GPA), whose aim is to propose a more comprehensive and inclusive definition that can guide both scientific research and regulatory standards.

Who was reviewed?

The paper reviewed scientific literature and regulatory input from the Global Prebiotic Association (GPA), focusing on the evolving definitions of prebiotics and prebiotic effects. It reviewed various studies and frameworks that have shaped the understanding of prebiotics, particularly in relation to their impact on human health and the microbiome. The review also gathered input from researchers and experts in the field of microbiome research to update the definitions and ensure they reflect the current scientific consensus.

What were the most important findings?

The paper emphasizes the need for an updated definition of prebiotics to better reflect the current scientific understanding of their role in the microbiome. It proposes abandoning the term “selectivity” due to its ambiguity and introduces two new concepts: “performance benefit” and “prebiotic effect.” These changes aim to incorporate a broader range of ingredients and microbiome sites beyond the gastrointestinal tract, including the skin and respiratory systems. The paper also highlights the growing evidence of the health benefits of prebiotics, such as their impact on cognitive and athletic performance, as well as metabolic, bone, and GI health. These findings underscore the need for a more comprehensive understanding of prebiotics to advance both research and product development in the field.

What are the greatest implications of this review?

The updated definitions provided by the Global Prebiotic Association (GPA) are significant for advancing the field of prebiotics. By moving away from the outdated concept of selectivity and incorporating performance benefits, these new definitions allow for a broader and more accurate understanding of prebiotics. This has implications for product development, regulatory policies, and the public understanding of prebiotics. Furthermore, the review calls for further research and the development of standardized protocols to ensure prebiotic products are effectively substantiated and regulated. It also encourages more inclusive research, considering non-GI microbiomes and their influence on health.